Project: Django Blog

  python -m venv .venv && source .venv/bin/activate
pip install django pillow
django-admin startproject blogproject .
python manage.py startapp blog
python manage.py startapp accounts
  

  # blog/models.py
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.urls import reverse

class Tag(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, unique=True)
    slug = models.SlugField(unique=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Post(models.Model):
    STATUS_CHOICES = [("draft", "Draft"), ("published", "Published")]

    title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    slug = models.SlugField(unique=True, max_length=200)
    author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="posts")
    content = models.TextField()
    excerpt = models.CharField(max_length=300, blank=True)
    cover_image = models.ImageField(upload_to="covers/", blank=True)
    tags = models.ManyToManyField(Tag, blank=True, related_name="posts")
    status = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=STATUS_CHOICES, default="draft")
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)

    class Meta:
        ordering = ["-created_at"]

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse("post_detail", kwargs={"slug": self.slug})

class Comment(models.Model):
    post = models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="comments")
    author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    text = models.TextField(max_length=1000)
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    approved = models.BooleanField(default=True)

    class Meta:
        ordering = ["created_at"]

    def __str__(self):
        return f"Comment by {self.author} on {self.post.title}"
  

  python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py createsuperuser
  

  # blog/admin.py
from django.contrib import admin
from .models import Post, Tag, Comment

@admin.register(Post)
class PostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ["title", "author", "status", "created_at"]
    list_filter = ["status", "tags", "created_at"]
    search_fields = ["title", "content"]
    prepopulated_fields = {"slug": ("title",)}
    raw_id_fields = ["author"]

admin.site.register(Tag)
admin.site.register(Comment)
  

  # blog/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404
from django.views.generic import ListView, DetailView
from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin
from django.views.generic.edit import CreateView
from .models import Post, Tag, Comment
from .forms import CommentForm

class PostListView(ListView):
    model = Post
    template_name = "blog/post_list.html"
    context_object_name = "posts"
    paginate_by = 10

    def get_queryset(self):
        qs = Post.objects.filter(status="published").select_related("author")
        tag = self.request.GET.get("tag")
        if tag:
            qs = qs.filter(tags__slug=tag)
        q = self.request.GET.get("q")
        if q:
            qs = qs.filter(title__icontains=q)
        return qs

class PostDetailView(DetailView):
    model = Post
    template_name = "blog/post_detail.html"
    context_object_name = "post"

    def get_queryset(self):
        return Post.objects.filter(status="published").prefetch_related("comments__author")

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
        context["comment_form"] = CommentForm()
        return context

class CommentCreateView(LoginRequiredMixin, CreateView):
    model = Comment
    form_class = CommentForm

    def form_valid(self, form):
        form.instance.post = get_object_or_404(Post, slug=self.kwargs["slug"])
        form.instance.author = self.request.user
        return super().form_valid(form)

    def get_success_url(self):
        return self.object.post.get_absolute_url()
  

  <!-- templates/blog/post_list.html -->
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
<h1>Blog</h1>
<form method="get">
  <input type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search..." value="{{ request.GET.q }}">
</form>
{% for post in posts %}
<article>
  <h2><a href="{{ post.get_absolute_url }}">{{ post.title }}</a></h2>
  <p><small>By {{ post.author.username }} · {{ post.created_at|date:"M d, Y" }}</small></p>
  <p>{{ post.excerpt|default:post.content|truncatewords:30 }}</p>
  {% for tag in post.tags.all %}
    <a href="?tag={{ tag.slug }}">#{{ tag.name }}</a>
  {% endfor %}
</article>
{% empty %}
<p>No posts yet.</p>
{% endfor %}
{% include "pagination.html" %}
{% endblock %}
  

  # blog/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path("", views.PostListView.as_view(), name="post_list"),
    path("<slug:slug>/", views.PostDetailView.as_view(), name="post_detail"),
    path("<slug:slug>/comment/", views.CommentCreateView.as_view(), name="add_comment"),
]
  

  # blogproject/urls.py
from django.contrib.auth import views as auth_views
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path("admin/", admin.site.urls),
    path("", include("blog.urls")),
    path("accounts/login/", auth_views.LoginView.as_view(), name="login"),
    path("accounts/logout/", auth_views.LogoutView.as_view(), name="logout"),
]